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Contamination of groundwater with sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim and spread of drug resistant Escherichia Coli in formal settlements of Kisumu, Kenya

IWRA 2023 Online Conference - Emerging Pollutants: Protecting Water Quality for the Health of People and the Environment
Theme 2: Emerging pollutants and groundwater
Author(s): Kellen Karimi

Kellen Karimi, University of Nairobi, Department of Public and Global Health


Oral: PDF

Abstract

PURPOSE

Part of  a Doctoral study, investigating contamination of groundwater with Antibiotics (Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim)

CONTEXT

Prevalence of antibiotic use in the settlements at 43%, occasioned by misuse and improper disposal; makes it difficult to determine cause of resistance in the environment. Informal settlements are densely populated, therefore pollution is higher due to inadequate sanitation facilities; reliance on groundwater exposes the populace to risk of pollutants and antibiotic resistance. Antibiotics SMX and TMP are used mostly for prophylaxis and treatment among HIV/AIDS patients; The study area reports a HIV/AIDS prevalence than the national figure

METHODOLOGY

  • Cross sections study
  • 49 water points were sampled
  • SMX and TMP analyzed using SPELC-MS/MS.
  • Kirby Bauer method was used to determine antibiotic sensitivity against Escherichia coli

 

POLICY IMPLICATIONS

  • Amount of antibiotics that cause resistance in the environment is unknown
  • SMX must be closely monitored and further investigation of triggers of resistance in the study area to determine possibility of spread of resistance

 

18th January 2023, 11:30 CET

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