IWRA World Water Congress 2008 Montpellier France
1. Water availability, use and management
Author(s): Josiclêda Domiciano Galvincio
J. B. Menezes
Josiclêda Domiciano Galvíncio
Universidade Federal de
Pernambuco
Departamento de Ciências Geográficas
Rua: Professor Morais Rego, S/N
e-mail:
josicleda.galvincio@ufpe.br
Article: PDFPoster: PDFAbstractThe problem of the access to the water is historical in Brazil and in the
states of the Semi-arid a situation is more emblematic. In general the population that it does not have access the
water is bigger in the North (23.3%) and Northeast (56%) of the country. The Northeast Region of Brazil presents a
great climatic variability. In the Brazil of Semi-Arid, approximately, 18 million people in an area with about 870 a
thousand kilometers squared and that it encloses the north of the States of the Espirito Santo and Minas Gerais, the
sertões of Alagoas, Bahia, Ceará, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte, Sergipe and southeastern part
of the Maranhão. The State of the Maranhão is placed in the Northeast Region of the Brazil, enters the coordinates
of 01°01' 10°21' lat. S and 41°48' 48°40' long. W. Encloses an area of 329.555, 8 km ², limiting it north with the
Atlantic Ocean, the east with the Piauí, the south and southwest with the Tocantins and the northwest with Pará. This
study it had as objective to evaluate the viability of the captation of the rainwater in the Southeastern part (Semi-arid)
of the State of the Maranhão. This State is placed in a zone of transitions of humid the semi-arid climates of the
northeast interior for the equatorial ones of the Amazônia, what it is reflected in the vegetal formations that
transitional of the Savannah (Open pasture) in the south, for the Forests You park in the center and the part east,
and for the Ombrófila Forest in the northwest of the State. It was used to divide years dry, normal and humid the
analyses of probability with the annual precipitation totals. Of these, one inferred the expected values of occurrence
of years whose precipitations are considered normal (around the average) or more droughts (below of the average).
The expected values had been esteem using it normal distribution of probability, by means of the Quantis. The
criterion of choice of the normal distribution if gave due to the secular precipitation series to show a good tack to this
model, what it denotes similar occurrences, probabilistic, of humid years (above of the normal climatology) or dry
(below of the normal climatology). Usually, the frequencies to delimit humid or dry years are placed in the quantis of
75 and 25%, respectively, of probability of not excedence (Prob (Prec